My Last Duches by Robert Browning

Among the many poems that are found in Booth, Hunter and Mayes’ The Norton Introduction to Literature, it is without controversy that Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s How I Love Thee makes one of the most interesting reads to many. It is against this backdrop that the poem has been chosen for analysis and reflection. Personal Reaction to the Poem The poem How Do I Love Thee by is by far one of the richest poems in terms of both the internal qualities of the poem such as the theme and external qualities such as stylistic devices are considered.For instance, as far as extrinsic or aesthetic richness of the poem is concerned, the use of rhymes is heavily extant, not only for the aesthetic purposes, but to also help bolster the theme. Some of the rhymes found in words such as Height and Sight, Grace and Days, Candlelight and Right, Praise and Faith, Use, Lose and Choose, Depth and Breadth, Needy and Purely, Death and Breath (Booth, 125). That the rhymes are used to expound on t he simile that the author uses to divulge on the manner of her feelings to her love still underscores the theme and extent of love in the poem.Some of the subordinate clauses that are colored by these similes are: as men strive for right; and as they turn from praise. [Personal] Explication of the Poem The gravity of the poem in this case, is not hinged upon the heaviness of the theme or topic in itself, but the manner in which artistic and linguistic devices are harnessed to bring out the beauty and weightiness of the topic or theme being discussed. Particularly, it is through the use of language aesthetically that Browning expresses what love is.For instance, readers get the impression that love should remain constant, at the mentioning of a love that remains extant throughout the author’s life [breath] in the 12th stanza. That love should be based on free will in lieu of compulsion is also underscored in the 7th stanza as the author mentions her love as being premised on f ree will as men strive for that which is right. Among a host of other virtues, love is expressed as being backed up by [responsible] actions by the referring of â€Å"Love with a passion being to use† in the 9th stanza (Browning, 75).[Personal] Feelings Evoked By the Poem The feelings evoke feelings of genuine love: that love that commits itself to and through responsible action, as opposed to fickle feelings [stanza 9]. This love is expressed as being free [stanza 7], pure [stanza 8], and constant through the vagaries of life and present at the point of death [stanzas 11-14]. What the Poem Says About Life and the Human Condition It is against the backdrop of the above feelings and standpoints adduced by the poem that matters regarding life and human condition come to the fore.Particularly, it is this love that is needed in marriage with the high spates of divorce the world over attesting about its absence. The importance of this love transcends the marriage spectrum to perme ate all facets of life and human existence. It is this kind of love that, upon existing, would see man given to philanthropy to better fellow man’s welfare instead of building nuclear arsenals and indulging in the snares of avarice, folly and prejudice. Works Cited Booth, Alison. The Norton Introduction to Literature. WW Norton & Co. Inc. , 2004. Browning, B. Elizabeth. The Wondering Minstrels: How Do I Love Thee? New York: SAGE, 2005.

Discuss the Disruption of Biological Rhythms

Discuss the disruption of biological rhythms 24m One example of disruption of biological rhythms is due to shift work and shift lag. This disrupts your sleeping pattern because it means you are required to be alert at night, so need to sleep during the day. This reverses and disrupts your circadian rhythm, becoming desynchronised where it is no longer entrained by EZ’s. There are many consequences of desynchronisation such as sleep deprivation. Shift workers find it hard to sleep during the day because of the EZ’s such as light and sound disturbances that keep you awake.This means shift workers find it even more difficult to stay awake at night time because they have had a poor quality daytime sleep. This then affects their alertness. Night workers often experience a circadian ‘trough’ of decreased alertness during their shifts. For example Boivin found that cortisol levels are at their lowest between 12 and 4am, which is the primetime a night worker, would be working. This means they have low alertness and decreases the efficiency of their job. There are also many effects on health due to shift work. A significant relationship has been found between shift work and organ disease.For example, Knutsson found that people who worked shift work for more than 15 years were likely to develop heart disease than a non-shift worker. This may be due to the direct effect of desynchronisation in the circadian rhythm. Jet lag is another example of how biological rhythms can be adjusted, but their effects are found to temporary, as travelling happens once in a while, whereas shift work may be somebody’s job which they have to be doing constantly every day. However, our biological rhythms are not equipped to cope with sudden and large changes in our rhythms.It has been found that they need approx. 1 day to adjust as each time zone is crossed. This is because the dorsal portion of the SCN needs several cycles to fully resynchronise, as it is le ss sensitive to light. When the dorsal portion of the SCN is adjusting we experience disruption in the form of jet lag. It has been found that it is easier to fly from east to west, as you need to stay up later, so your biological rhythms can adjust by you getting more sleep in the morning, whereas west to east you must wake up earlier so is harder to adjust.This can be demonstrated in a study where an American baseball team who travelled west to east saw their wins drop 37% due to phase advance where they have to get up earlier in the morning, causing a reduction in their overall performance. There are many real world applications that have derived from the effects of shift work and jet lag, enabling people to live alongside these disruptions in their biological rhythms. These are mainly targeted at shift work. It has been found that lorry drivers are prone to falling asleep at the wheel on night shifts.Legislation has been put in place to prevent this from happening. They now have a monitor in the cars that produce a sound telling the driver when they should have a nap to ensure they are not sleep deprived and avoid accidents from occurring. It has also been found that people should have bright lights at their work on a night shift to act as an EZ overriding the endogenous pacemakers. This could be supported by Gronfier’s study which found circadian rhythms were able to be entrained longer than 24 hours by using bright light pulses known as modulated light exposure.However, Boivin found that artificial lighting is only moderately effective in overriding the rhythm. Dim lighting which is mainly used in places such as hospitals failed to keep participants awake. This may be because the pineal gland is detecting an absence of light meaning melatonin is being produced which induces sleep. Therefore, in response to this research nurses who work in hospitals should have bright lights around the workplace to keep them awake. Melatonin has been found to be a ‘miracle cure’ for shift lag and jet lag. This is the hormone that induces sleep.This means that people experiencing sleep disruption can take melatonin tablets in order to sleep during the day or when they have finished their shift. This is supported by Herxheimer and Petrie who found when melatonin was taken near to bed time it was very effective. However, if melatonin was taken at the wrong time of day it could delay their adaptation to changing sleep patterns. However, these two explanations and examples of sleep disruption may be reductionist as it fails to ignore other factors that may disrupt the person’s sleep patterns.The lack of sleep may be associated with them having to go to bed at unusual times. This may lead to the person experiencing social disruption as they find it difficult to meet with their friends or spend time with their family. This may lead to high cortisol levels as they are stressed with the lack of social interaction. High cortisol lev els may be intervening with their sleep quality making them sleep deprived. Therefore, there are other intervening factors other than going to bed in the daytime.This can also be displayed in jet lag, where social customs are involved in entraining the biological rhythms. When you are travelling you are encouraged to eat and sleep at the same time as the country you are in. This could also help reduce symptoms of jet lag such as nausea. Timing of meals can re set the biological clock in the liver. Eating at the same increases enzyme production at the right time for digestion and avoids stomach upset leading the nausea.Therefore, social customs are an important factor to consider in the effects of sleep disruption and how they play a major role. The effects of disruption of circadian rhythms can vary considerably between different individuals. Some people may have circadian rhythms that try to adjust and change in response to shift work or jet lag, or other people’s circadian rhythms which don’t change at all. Reinberg found that people who gave up shift work because they couldn’t cope had constantly changing rhythms, whereas ‘happy shift workers’ had rhythms that didn’t change at all.This suggests that it may not be the shift work itself that is causing the sleep deprivation; it may be due to individual’s circadian rhythm and its ability to adjust or cope in different rhythms. Therefore, people’s who’s rhythms changed constantly may have experienced imbalance in neurotransmitters or raised cortisol levels from stress, meaning they experienced sleep deprivation. It would have to be asked whether shift work and jet lap is a disruption in biological rhythms for every individual, or whether some people are able to cope without the rhythm trying to adapt at all.

Rwanda and Global Stratification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Rwanda and Global Stratification - Essay Example (David Newbury and Catherine Newbury). There can be no better example than Rwanda in the annals of human history where a country so rich in natural beauty and flora and fauna could be subjected to a trauma for over 150years, beginning with its discovery by colonial powers in the mid-19th century. Of course, most countries in Africa and Asia also had gone through the subjugating periods of the colonial rulers. Countries like China, India, Myanmar, the Middle East, and others gained freedom after World War II. The situations in these countries are by and large peaceful. Hence, the Rwandan episode continues to serve as a test for regional stability and global stratification. The Rwandan society comprise the pre-dominant Hutu and the Tutsi tribes with the Hutus making up 84% of the population, the Tutsis 14% and the Twa tribe, said to be the original inhabitants but now only forming 1% of the population. Physically, the Tutsis are tall, the Hutus short and square built, and the Twa are pygmoid. The differences are not ethnic as the Hutu and Tutsi tribes speak the same language of Kinyarwanda, and have had a history of intermarriages and share many cultural characteristics. Officially, English and French are also spoken. The problems seem to lie more on the regional level with one group vying with the other for political and economical control. The social barriers began to fester once the country became independent on July 1, 1962. The Belgian rulers who won the UN mandate to maintain their status in Rwanda after World War I, favored the Tutsi tribe as administrators and eventually when they left the country they tried to soothe feelings by having the Hutus share in power. However, feelings of mutual hatred and discontent had leaked so much into the mindset of the different groups that ultimately it could not but give way to much bloodshed once the Belgians left. 800,000 Tutsis were massacred across the country by marauding Hutu hoodlums egged on their ruling high command. The police and the army were openly one-sided in the brutality. The neighboring countries of Burundi, Zaire and Uganda were also embroiled in the unrest as both Hutu and Tutsi rebels took refuge in these countries to regroup and counter-attack each other. Millions were killed from both sides. The civil war raged from atrocities inflicted by one group leading to retribution by the other. The initial bloodshed inflicted by the Hutus on the Tutsis was returned by the latter in a 14-weeks route of the Hutus that overthrew the largely Hutu government with another ferocious bout of massacre. The bloodshed

Honda Marketing Strategies in USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Honda Marketing Strategies in USA - Essay Example rowth, but a carefully plan market research got them to understand that people in US travelled long distance, and therefore started to build bikes of 250 CC and 350 CC engines. However, at the same time the 50 CC bike which was very popular in Japan, known as the Super Club, started making its foray into the market. At the beginning of everything, it did not look like that a small bike would be able to hold on its own in a market dominated by heavy engine bikes as well as choppers, which catered to a specific crowd which emphasises on staking a claim on the roads with utter dominance. However, once the Small Club was rolled out, it created its own niche in the market. It inspired a part of the crown which needed a simple bike capable enough to take them to their shops or offices without any fuss or fanfare. This was important as later on the Super Club came to be known as the normal man’s mode of transport. â€Å"At face value, the Super Cub had little appeal for the American buyer. The motorbike market in the US at the time was quite small and dominated by entrenched players such as Harley Davidson, Indian, and imports like Triumph and Moto Guzzi. There were only 1,000 full-time motorbike dealers in the entire country (compared to some 10,000 today), and most bikes were either in the mold of Harley-Davidson — large, heavy, and built for noisy cruising, or were sportbikes made for performance, exemplified by Triumph. Motorbike riders were generally seen as nefarious outsiders, clad in leather jackets and riding in packs to terrorize small towns and cause trouble at funfairs, an image played up by Hollywood — think James Dean, Marlon Brando in The Wild One, and later Easy Rider. Furthermore, Japanese products with funny names were looked upon suspiciously by American... Honda started as a motorcycling company in the 1950’s when it ventured into the US market. At that time it was a humble beginning for a company like Honda which had tough competition from other companies in the USA who were already selling motorbikes and cars in the USA. However, they took rapid strides and within a few decades, from a humble motorcycling company they went on to become the largest automobile manufacturers in the USA. This paper shall analyse the marketing strategies they deployed in order to become successful in an alien market like the USA. Honda was already a big consumer giant in Japan before it came into foray in the United States. The name was very famous in Japan and Honda took that brand value and applied it to its products in the USA. It all started with a small entry into the US market where they had no scope for growth, but a carefully plan market research got them to understand that people in US travelled long distance. The one liner they had shot them to prominence and they have remained at the top since that very time. It is due to sheer adaptation of the market were they able to demonstrate their products, which were able to meet the needs of the daily commuter in the USA.

Ford Motor Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ford Motor Company - Research Paper Example From the discussion it is clear that  Ford Motors offers values for all its stakeholders. Ford Motors focuses on ‘one team’ consisting of all stakeholders such as customers, employees, suppliers, dealers and investors among others. Vision statement shows the future perspective of the company.  This paper stresses that organizations set up several strategies to operate business efficiently in international market. Ford Motor Company witnessed lots of strategic challenges during recession in the US. In the recent past, Ford Motors has redesigned a coherent business strategy. Ford emphasizes on ‘One Ford’ philosophy.  Ford Motor Company focuses on meeting the customers’ requirements by providing them quality products. It enhances the efficiency of its plants and processes by adopting advanced technologies. Their strategies are chiefly based on ‘One Ford’ approach. Ford offers high-quality vehicles with global appeal such as ‘fuel -efficient cars’, competent utility vehicles, and ‘fun-to-drive’. They ensure continuous improvement driven by their strong product line. Ford Motors highlights on overall profitability. Ford Motors’ loyalties to excellent fuel economy, stunning style as well as customer-focused technology are demonstrated throughout its product line.  Lincoln, one of the associated brands, is under focus to be established as a luxury brand to attain opportunities in the developing markets.   Excellent quality, laser-sharp spotlight on client safety and fuel efficiency continue to make Ford Motors a market leader with the US consumers.

The Role of International Systems - The Balance of Power During the Essay

The Role of International Systems - The Balance of Power During the Cold War - Essay Example In itself, the balance of power theory suggests that any rapid change in the international status or power of an independent state or collection of states will result in counterbalancing actions by other states. This occurs most readily when the alliances between different states are easily broken and formed based on what is beneficial to the particular state at the time. This essay argues that the balance of power was a key factor in the Cold War and was the driving factor of many of the events that occurred, including the Cuban Missile Crisis. Furthermore, this ultimately resulted in the development of the unipolar international system that is present today. The theory of the balance of power differs substantially between authors and publications and this section will attempt to determine some of the overall themes. Some authors consider that the model is a description of the international systems that are in place currently, others consider that it is a theory of coalitions, while still others consider it a guideline to peace2. In one sense, any international system is a balance of power relationship at some level. However, the term is usually used to refer to specific systems where the actors respond to each other primarily through negotiation rather than through war and where they each attempt to protect their state’s short-term and long-term interests3. Each country has their own internal resources and interests which they aim to maintain, as well as their position on the international stage, their relationship to other international powers and international trading relationships. States must balance their internal needs with needs of the international environment. Regardless of exact definition, the balance of power remains one of the most central theories of international systems and relations.

Business information management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business information management - Essay Example SWOT analysis is a marketing technique used by organizations to understand its external and internal environments. SWOT is an acronym for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The first two is related to the internal environment of an organization while the other two is concerned with its external environment (Stone & Jacobs 2001, p. 35). The quality and impact of information systems with regard to its benefits to both the company and its customers can be looked at according to four perspectives (Symons, 1991, p. 181). These four perspectives are determinist, mechanic, systems, and inter-actionist. In a deterministic perspective, the hardware and software is seen simply as a technological advantage that can speed up routine tasks. This implies that systems were solely used by employees to work faster by automating the different tasks within an organization. There is bound to be widespread fear that it will bring about large scale unemployment through automation of jobs. The mechanistic perspective views an IT/IS system as a set of machines that will make its operations more efficient. It will bring about reliability and accuracy to different levels of operations and tasks. The next perspective views the modern outlook that organizations are dynamic systems made up of people. Hence an IT/IS system should reflect the proved clichà © that the ‘whole is greater than the sum of its parts’. Such a system will more than justify an investment in hardware and software in terms of efficiency and benefit to both the company and its customers. The final inter-actionist perspective reflects the current view of the efficacy of an efficient IT/IS system. It takes into account the concept of human computer interaction (HCI). (Hassan 2008, p. 230). This should ensure that an IT/IS system should be interactive with active participation of all the stakeholders which includes customers. Such a

Is Asia primed for increased rivalry or greater co-operation Term Paper

Is Asia primed for increased rivalry or greater co-operation - Term Paper Example These include the North Korean Taepodong missiles and nuclear research crises, the impact of the financial crisis on Asian countries and subsequent socio-economic turmoil, and conflict over the Taiwan Straits (Welch & Milne, 2014: p67). However, although the Asian region is a highly unstable one, the reasons for this rivalry are not entirely tied to these events as several scholars have claimed. While Friedberg’s argument contends that Asia cannot move towards cooperation due to its multi-polar geopolitics, the United States’ strategic interests in the region provide a stabilising power balance. In addition, the dearth of democratic and strong regional institutions, which is also part of his argument, would seem to contradict evidence showing the opposite as Indo-Sino cooperation is increasing (Alagappa, 2011: p157). In fact, regional actors pose the largest threat to stability and increased cooperation in Asia. The extremely different and isolationist values and beliefs professed by these actors make sovereignty contests in Taiwan and Korean waters a potential cause of military rivalry and conflict. These potential but intangible causes of rivalry and conflict should be given the closest attention. Moreover, the role played by the US in Asia cannot be ignored as its strategic military strength and alliances make it the dominant power (Alagappa, 2011: p159). T his paper will aim to use three theoretical paradigms of international relations: the realist, liberal, and constructivist approaches, in examining the regional environment in Asia and forming a more considerate and accurate assessment of prospects for increased rivalry or cooperation in Asia. The liberal, realist, and constructivist approaches to IR offer different perspectives of what governs the behaviour of state actors, especially in the promotion of stability and cooperation or rivalry and conflict (Lanyi & McWilliams, 2013: p90). The realist school of IR thought considers power to be the main

Knowledge management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Knowledge management - Essay Example It can be said that the individual or individuals gain the knowing from prior information. Thus, it can be said that the individual or the individuals did not just come across the information, but they sought the information with intent or just for the sake of knowing. Nevertheless, knowledge is not the ultimate product in knowledge management practices and standards in an organisation. Knowledge is just but the beginning for more exploits. Hence it can be said that, in knowledge management, an organisation is trying to utilise knowledge to improve what it is doing (Nonaka & Krogh, 2006). With the understanding of knowledge, knowledge management can be evaluated. One of the most fundamental resource that an organization can have is a knowledgeable workforce. Hence, the success of an organization can be said to be dependent on how well the organisation is able to use the knowledge resource it has, its ability to develop novel knowledge, and how well it is able to share the knowledge within it throughout the whole organisation (Nonaka & Krogh, 2006). Most importantly, knowledge management involves putting into practice the combined knowledge of all the persons under it in order to attain certain aims. Knowledge management does not necessarily purpose to manage this combined knowledge, it also purposes to selectively manage the knowledge that is vital to an organisation. Knowledge management also involves that the workforce in the organisation has all the knowledge it requires, at the right time and at the right place. It is important to ask, why is knowledge management required? Knowledge management is needed for a number of reasons. In the modern world, there has been an increased speed of variation in the present organisations and the communities in the globe collectively. Hence, knowledge management is needed as it identifies that almost all organizations are made up of work that involves knowledge. Not that the manual

Christopher Columbus, Mariner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Christopher Columbus, Mariner - Essay Example He was an accomplished sailor and retired in 1951 as rear admiral. Morison attended Noble School at Boston and St. Paul’s at Concord, New Hampshire. In 1908 he graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts degree. Morison studied at Ecole Libre des Sciences Politiques, Paris, France. He later returned to Harvard for his postgraduate studies. Morison received his PhD from Harvard in 1912 and later began teaching there in 1915. The young adult life of Samuel Morison fell in the early 19th century. During the early 19th century the US was under President William Howard Taft 1908-1912 and Glen C. Mead 1912-1913 there were a lot of political activity that influenced peoples way of thinking and also there were a lot feminism ideas being spread around. The rights of feminine workers were stamped clearly by the societal organization’s activities. Feminized professions formed a crucial focus on the socialist’s women organizations. During that period cold was culminating between the capitalists and communists who supported socialism. The Nazi-German forces were detaining activists from the Jewish community and later executed in cold blood. This led to an international outcry due to gross violation of human rights by the Germans. The industrial revolution which led to mechanization had already taken shape marking the advent of weaponry manufacturing companies. Many young brains were being recruited into the forces to inject dynamism in the supremacy battles. Morison took part in the Battle of Kolombagara before returning to the mainland. Most leather factories sprung up during that period to provide boots and heavy clothing needed during that period of war. This changed the mode of dressing as time went by. He worked at the Pearl Harbor which was attacked by the Japanese that led to the entrance of the USA into World War I. Morison wrote many books that are related like the Admiral of the sea: A life of Christopher Columbus (1941), The

Zimbabwes present economy Essay Example for Free

Zimbabwes present economy Essay Introduction: Zimbabwe is facing a huge economic crisis that is worsening living standards by the day and a decline in industrial growth. Unemployment is now one of the highest in the world, running at 50% against an annual population growth of 3%, mainly because of inadequate sustainable job creation activities in the market. The rampant unemployment has given rise to the worsening abject poverty, rising crime levels, falling quality of life and standards of living, as well as general delinquency. Close to 65% of the population is considered poor according to the latest poverty assessment. The country is facing near bankruptcy. The problem is Governments huge borrowings where much of the money is used for recurrent expenditures to meet the day to day running of Ministries. Very little is for capital investments. Since the attainment of independence in 1980, Zimbabwe has produced a number of Annual Budgets that were supposedly implemented together with the national economic plans such as the following: Zimbabwe Conference on Reconstruction and Development (ZIMCORD), On the Road to Socialism, Transitional National Development Plan (TNDP) that came in volumes I and II; Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP) 1991-1995, Zimbabwe Programme on Economic and Social Transformation (ZIMPREST) 1998-2000, Millennium Economic Recovery Programme (MERP) 2000-2002, Ten Point Plan and more recently the National Economic Revival Programme (NERP) February 2003. The focus of all these policies was to bring about economic development and improved quality of life for Zimbabweans. Regrettably, none of these economic policy documents together with the accompanying annual budgets have succeeded in producing real positive tangible results especially in the area of poverty reduction. A number of factors accoun t for this hence the rampant poverty that has rocked the country today. An analysis of the various economic recovery and reform programmes is done summarily done below with more emphasis and time given to the most recent one NERP. Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP) In October 1990, the Zimbabwe government succumbed to Western donor pressure and grudgingly agreed to implement the five-year Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP) as a response to the economic crisis which had been afflicting the country since the 1980s. The measures introduced were: Removal of price controls; Removal of wage controls; Reduction of government expenditure; A 40 per cent devaluation of the Zimbabwean dollar; Removal of subsidies on basic consumer goods; Liberalising the foreign currency allocation system; Removal of protection of non-productive import substituting industries and increased profit remittance abroad; and A radical restructuring of the various parastatals and other public enterprises. ESAPs prime mandate was to shift the style of economic management from a setup where state intervention was perverse towards a framework where market forces had more influence. Economic liberalization was expected to accommodate major fiscal reforms, aimed at trimming the budget deficit from 10% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to 5%, increasing national output by 5% over the reform period, as well as reduction of inflation from over 17% to 10% by 1995. The major achievement made by ESAP was domestic deregulation, trade liberalization, foreign currency liberalization, and foreign direct investment liberalization (among other areas of deregulation). The major  challenge during the period was the issue of huge fiscal deficits that averaged 10 percent of GDP. Though inflation was an issue, it was still within manageable levels. Zimbabwe Program for Social and Economic Transformation (ZIMPREST) Beyond ESAPs phase, the Program for Social and Economic Transformation was implemented from 1998 to 2000, with focus on consolidating the gains of economic liberalization. ZIMPREST still pressed forward with economic stabilization, aiming to reduce the budget deficit from 10% of GDP to 5% and inflation to single digit levels. The major constraint ZIMPREST encountered was the fact that donors did not provide any funding, nor did budgetary provisions take note of its funding. The economy as a result subdued, and savings and investments tumbled from 18% of GDP in 1996 to 9% and 13% respectively in 1999. Millennium Economic Recovery Program (MERP) In the year 2000, the Millennium Economic Recovery Program (MERP) was launched, with a thrust towards restoring macro economic stability and therefore restore a vibrant economic growth and ridding the economy of inflation. Fiscal reforms and monetary policy measures would foster to restore price stability, while the domestic debt portfolio was to be massively restructured and industry sector revived. The program never took off due to lack of coherence on whether the economy should continue on liberalism or perhaps pursue a compromise, which places less emphasis on markets. At most MERP was marked with major policy reversals with initial and subsequent commitments to adjust the exchange rate for example remaining on ice, and the local unit maintaining a peg of Z$55 to the US$, despite widening inflation differentials with trading partner counties. It is also the time when the government reversed market economics, culminating in the institution of price controls in the third quarter of 2001. The failure to implement MERP marked the turning point on steeper falls in business confidence in Zimbabwes economic history, with business failure  rising significantly. The economy took a steeper downward trajectory in the period. Since then economic events have not helped either to build or sustain business confidence. The performance of most sectors was largely influenced by the aforementioned economic terrain; where neither ESAP nor ZIMPREST have been able to tame macro economic instability and MERP went on to accommodate it. All productive sectors have maintained a negative growth trend since the year 2000, save for estate, finance and insurance. The performance of these sectors hence mirror the persistent decline in national output. Since there is a strong correlation between agriculture and manufacturing, the ESAP era had a strong growth for all sectors, yet the ZIMPREST and MERP depict basically an erratic and downward trend. National Economic Revival Programme (NERP This is the most recent of the economic reforms and was launched in February of 2003. This was a brainchild of consultations with social partners namely Government, Business and Labour under the Tripartite Negotiating Forum (TNF). NERP was formulated with the principal objectives of: Increasing the output across the productive sectors as a way of reducing shortages and curbing the black market; Increasing employment generation through sector specific measures and Improving exporter viability and the supply of foreign currency through an Export Support Scheme. Under NERP, sector specific measures were formulated which are: agriculture, manufacturing, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), mining, tourism and services sectors. Under agriculture, the following measures are being implemented:- Offering viable producer prices timeously Entering into contract farming to ensure adequate supply of strategic crops for exports, local consumption and seeds; Putting in place a Dairy Development Facility; Providing adequate resources to enable the productive use of the land, since the latter is a basic economic resource which must be exploited efficiently and effectively and Introducing duty free exemptions on imported agricultural equipment not locally available, amongst others. Under manufacturing, the policy thrust will be to reverse de-industrialisation and increase capacity utilisation in the manufacturing sector through:- Reviewing the countrys Industrial Development Strategy; Resuscitating the business linkages programme; Introducing technology linkages programmes between manufacturing industries and institutions of higher learning and research and Availing financial support to distressed companies Under Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), the Government acknowledges that an integrated policy and strategy for the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is critical for generating employment, stimulating growth and contributing to foreign exchange generation and has thus instituted the following :- Developing the enabling and regulatory environment; Investment promotion in SMEs; Improving access to markets and finance; Providing technology and infrastructure support and Undertaking entrepreneurship, management and skills development programmes In the mining sector, the measures include:- Allowing the small scale mining sector to benefit from the productive and export sector facilities where they access at 15 and 5 percent respectively; Putting in place incentives for projects that encourage value addition of exported minerals and metals in order to increase foreign currency generation and employment opportunities and Implementing a revised and consolidated fiscal regime for the sector. Under Tourism, in order for Zimbabwe to regain its reputation as a leading tourist destination, the following will be done:- Launching a public relations campaign; Intensifying marketing activities and broadening tourist source markets to realise diversification; Encouraging investment in tourism infrastructure (such as shopping malls, agro and eco-tourism development zones) and Promoting the cultural industry to realise its income potential through cultural tourism. Under the services sector, the following will be implemented amongst others:- Enhancing marketing of agricultural commodities by establishing an Agricultural Marketing Authority; and Recapitalisation of key public transport enterprises in order to improve urban transport. In addition, the Government through the Tripartite Negotiating Forum signed a Prices and Incomes Stabilisation Protocol on 30 January 2003 whose fundamental objectives are to:- Enhance viability of companies as well as sustain production; Guarantee the availability of products on the market at affordable prices; and Deal effectively with problems arising from the regime of price controls. Further, Government instituted the following measures to ensure that savers and borrowers mutually benefit from the following interest rate policy:- Narrow the current high spreads between deposits and lending rates in line with international best practices; Reviewing upwards deposit interest rates on consumption and speculative activities; and Reviewing the proliferation of service charges levied on depositors by banks. The link to the 2003 National Budget hinges upon: Development of a Macroeconomic Consistency Framework which ensures consistency between policy implementation and performance of the four sectors of the economy; A supplementary budget to accommodate additional expenditures occasioned by  the financial implications of NERP; and Development of a Medium Term Expenditure Framework to ensure the improvement of the macroeconomic environment, for the period 2003 to 2005. Assessment of the National Economic Revival Program: The best tool to asses NERP is the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats model which is outlined below: NERP Strengths: Some of the strength of NERP are as follows: It is about immediate measures to revive the economy, which gives it some urgency and focus; It draws heavily from deliberations of the TNF and was in fact sanctioned by it. This implies a high level of consensus on the policy measures contained therein; It specifically derogates responsibility to specific bodies or parties. It is therefore easy to check who has to what by looking at the implementation matrix. It is part of a comprehensive set of protocols focussing on specific areas; and It had a clear time frame. NERP Weaknesses NERP suffers from the following weaknesses: Its implementation is based on the TNF principles of trust and goodwill. Without these, it founders; Slippages in one area affect the rest; Lack of harmony and consistency of government policy creates unwarranted policy conflicts that undermine its implementation; Deteriorating political conditions and in particular increased polarisation of the Zimbabwean society undermine its implementation and therefore success; it comes after the budget: in the context of already inadequate resources, it falls on its face. It contains high expansionary measures (for instance on land), which are inflationary (yet in its own analysis it decried the fact that money supply growth reached 150% by December 2002); It lacks measures to deal with hyperinflation. No sterilisation measures are included; It is about everything, and yet it is a short term programme; there is no prioritisation of issues; It is based on representative democracy; constituencies may not be aware of what they have been bound to or may not be able to implement their obligations; It is impeded by a general lack of political will; and It has no time horizon. NERP Opportunities The opportunities to it include: What needs to be done is collectively determined and known; Given the right environment, the stakeholders are committed to implementing it; Flexible framework of the TNF based on the win-win principle; and It allows for self and collective responsibility and evaluation. NERP Threats The key threats to NERP include: Policy conflicts (stabilisation versus expansion); lack of adequate implementation capacity; Overcrowded agenda and lack of prioritisation; Unrealistic expectations; sometimes seen as a quick-fix magic; Lack of resources and continued resort to domestic borrowing; Slippages in implementation; the programme is already behind schedule; In formalisation of the economy; Political expediency may result in policy inconsistencies; Continued political polarisation; Stakeholder mistrust and misunderstanding; and Lack of political will. Conclusion: However, a combination of near-total disregard by government for all those components of the programme which were at variance with intensive state control of all major facets of the economy, or which were in conflict with failed ideologies, and two years of severe drought, saw the first three years of ESAP as an economic non-event. By 1993 government had little alternative but to implement much of that which it had up until then disregarded, although it did so reluctantly and half-heartedly. Nevertheless, belatedly ESAP began to yield positive results and therefore it was used as the basis for the next programme, intended to be implemented from 1996 the Zimbabwe Programme of Economic and Social Transformation (ZIMPREST). But governments lack of enthusiasm was such that although the programme was to be embarked upon in 1996, it was only released to the population in general and to investors, financiers, commerce and industry in particular in 1998 and never meaningfully introduced. So in 2000 government announced its Millennium Economic Recovery Programme (MERP). As with ZIMPREST, that programme proved to be only plentiful words and glossy papers but devoid of any substantive implementation and it was soon cast away into oblivion. In its stead, government announced a new programme the National Economic Recovery Programme (NERP) in February. However, with virtually the only exception being an exchange rate adjustment or export support exchange rate (both being euphemisms for devaluation), NERP was as shallow in its application as had been ESAP, ZIMPREST and MERP. The economy has continued to decline to an ever greater extent, with many believing, erroneously, that it is now beyond redemption. Not only has government shown remarkably consistency in its failure to implement any of its formal economic development or recovery programmes other than with the greatest of superficiality, but it has shown equally great consistency in devising and implementing actions diametrically opposite to those envisaged by the various programmes and plans that it had so proudly placed before Zimbabweans. In so doing, it has brought the  economy to its knees. Inflation has reached an astronomic level of more than 364,5% for the year to June with that months inflation at 21,1%, an all-time record. Never has there been such a high proportion of the population without employment. Never has there been so many suffering and facing malnutrition, if not severe starvation, at incomes far below the poverty datum line, as is now the case. Never has Zimbabwe been as short of foreign exchange, with consequential devastating shortages of fuel, energy, basic foodstuffs, industrial raw materials, agricultural and mining imports, medications, and much else. Agriculture has been virtually destroyed, the mining industrys operations heavily reduced, tourism emaciated, and the manufacturing and distributive sectors battling to survive. And never has government incurred deficits of the scale that are now the order of the day. So great are those deficits that government must now present a supplementary budget to parliament as the national budget tabled in November 2002 and the fiscal out-turn to date have no commonality. As has become a regularity, the spending of almost all ministries is way in excess of the votes approved by parliament. Compounding the problems created by governments profligacy has been the differential in governmental revenues received as against those envisaged in the national budget. With a withering economy, it is inevitable that taxation receipts must fall and with limited foreign exchange the extent of imports diminishes with a corresponding reduction in inflows of Customs duties and import taxes. But another significant non-receipt is that in contrast to expectations in the 2001, 2002, and 2003 national budgets, government has had very little by way of proceeds from the intended privatisation of state enterprises. The intention to divest itself of all but the most critically strategic businesses owned by government has been one of the major elements of ESAP,  ZIMPREST, MERP and NERP. While government repeatedly failed to pursue many of the elements of those programmes, nevertheless it did effect some privatisations between 1998 and 2002, and with some considerable success. Effectively and successfully, the Jewel Bank, Dairiboard, Rainbow Tourism Group, Cotton Company of Zimbabwe, and Zimbabwe Reinsurance Corporation were privatised. Not only did government realise significant amounts from the sale of its investments but the privatised enterprises rapidly demonstrated substantial growth and enhanced efficiency of operations. The privatisation programme has clearly ground to an ignominious halt and contrary to detaching itself from commercial and other economic production enterprise; government is increasing its involvement through some of its parastatals. Enterprises such as the National Oil Company of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority, National Railways of Zimbabwe, Cold Storage Company, Air Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation, the GMB, and many others have become an ever-heavy millstone around the neck of the fiscus. Evidently, therefore, the inclusion of privatisation in NERP is yet another hollow economic plan of government one devoid of substance. Pity, therefore, the poor officials in the Ministry of Finance and Economic Development required to formulate the supplementary budget. They have to find ways of exacting the funds needed by government but have great difficulty in finding any way of doing so within a derelict economy without further catastrophically afflicting that economy and without extorting yet more from a desperately impoverished population. Under the current programme (NERP), the government was supposed to have explored models of land tenure systems vis a vis property rights by March 2003. It was supposed to have reviewed maximum A2 farm sizes and rationalised and consolidated land allocation in line with an audit by the Land Task force the same month. Instead, it threw away the report without disclosing its findings to the public and setup another audit team which is still working on its audit. The government is supposed to have reviewed and topped up input schemes, finance and extension services and facilitated the setting up of commodity associations by the same month. It should have introduced a Dairy Development Programme to revive dairy farms by March 2003 and transformed Agribank into a Land Bank as well as the disbanded Agricultural Marketing Authority. Other tasks that should have been carried out by March included the review of the Industrial Review Strategy to address de-industrialisation, low capacity utilisation, increased exports and empowerment and, a review of the gold support scheme. International public relations companies should have been hired to counter negative publicity. Several measures to boost foreign currency should have been implemented in February 2003. These included an export support scheme, a review of the 50:50 export proceeds surrender every quarter, the introduction of an export revolving fund and incentives to attract remittances from non-resident Zimbabweans. A credible external payments arrears repayment programme should also have been put in place in February. The government should have put in place trigger mechanisms to adjust the prices of fuel, and tariffs for coal and electricity by February. It should also have concluded and signed the Kadoma Declaration (this focuses on addressing the mismatch between policy design and implementation) by February. As things stand, it is still groping in the dark, calling on the nation to remain steadfast Rambai makashinga Economic policy reform in Zimbabwe has not resulted in improved socio-economic welfare for the populace. Consequently, economic decline has resulted in widespread political discontent and disaffection with the present regime. As political tensions have reached a political impasse, there are concerns that Zimbabwes economy is on the brink of total collapse. As the Kadoma Declaration observes, without the assistance of  development partners, it is difficult to revive the economy. While the rest of the world may not need Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe certainly needs the rest of the world.

A Short Essay on Beauty Essay Example for Free

A Short Essay on Beauty Essay Beauty is defined as the quality present in a thing or person that gives intense pleasure or deep satisfaction to the mind, whether arising from sensory manifestations (as shape, color, sound, etc. ), a meaningful design or pattern, or something else (as a personality in which high spiritual qualities are manifest). However, beauty has been topic of debate in terms of its definition. In order to see what is special about pleasure in beauty, we must shift the focus back to consider what is special about the judgment of taste, which helps determine beauty in an object. For Kant, the judgment of taste claims â€Å"universal validity†, which he describes as follows:†¦ when [a man] puts a thing on a pedestal and calls it beautiful, he demands the same delight from others. He judges not merely for himself, but for all men, and then speaks of beauty as if it were a property of things. Thus he says that the thing is beautiful; and it is not as if he counts on others agreeing with him in his judgment of liking owing to his having found them in such agreement on a number of occasions, but he demands this agreement of them. He blames them if they judge differently, and denies them taste, which he still requires of them as something they ought to have; and to this extent it is not open to men to say: Every one has his own taste. This would be equivalent to saying that there is no such thing as taste, i. e. no aesthetic judgment capable of making a rightful claim upon the assent of all men. (Kant 1790, p. 52; see also pp. 136–139. However, having said that, there is art and architecture around the world which provides universal appeal. For example, the Cathedral of Notre Dame could easily enamor a Hindu family, without them having very little or no knowledge of its cultural or religious significance. The Taj Mahal and the Statue of David could exude great amounts of sublimity to people of every walks of life. What is it in Art and Architecture that arouses such pleasure and popularity? Corbusier once said, â€Å"The Architect, by his arrangements of forms, realizes an order which is a pure creation of his spirit; through forms and shapes he affects our senses to an acute degree and provokes plastic emotions; by the relationships which he creates he creates profound echoes in us, he gives us the measure of an order which we feel to be in accordance with that of our world, he determines the various movements of our heart and of our understanding; it is then we experience the sense of beauty. † The above stated personal opinion could very well be the reason of Art and Architecture being an inherent and quintessential part of the global cultural heritage. Also, Art and Architecture has also regarded as stimulants to generate happiness. As Fredrick M. Padelford mentioned, â€Å"Indeed, I think that we are not at all aware of the immense social asset that uniformly good architecture would be. Fancy a city in which all of the buildings are beautiful, and trace the influence on the lives of the inhabitants. In the first place, it would add greatly to the happiness of people, for, as has been observed, it is the normal function of beauty to make us happy. Unless we have allowed ourselves to become diseased, happiness will attend beauty as naturally as flowers turn to the sun† (Frederick M. Padelford, â€Å"The Civic Control of Architecture,† American Journal of Sociology, July 1908, 45-46). ] This short essay though it does not conclude with a well defined explanation of beauty, it will give one an idea about some the various elements, which forms a very prominent influence on beauty.

Flowers A Big Part Of Humans Life Marketing Essay

Flowers A Big Part Of Humans Life Marketing Essay Flowers are really a big part of humans life. Their beauty, colour and attractiveness allows us to carry our messages perfectly   get-well soon for our family and sick friends, congratulation messages to a newly promoted friend, sympathy to a grieving group, and to show our feeling to another person. Every party or any occasion is celebrated with flowers.  Or even without an occasion. Recent trends show that many of those who buy flowers buy it for themselves.   Florist shop is a comparitively easy business to stand up and rising. Florist is a kind of business where it did not required big financial  income and its a glooming industry. There are few careers that offer so many advantages. As a florist we are all surrounded with beautiful flower  every day and have a career which has lots of fun and interesting. And this business is not a seasonal business here the work is carry out for a year. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY We Bloomers and Stylers are aiming to provide Frequent Flower Gift Program which will differ from old florists by prepare personal relationships through the use of marketing, technology and innovation by giving a gift program that makes purchasing flowers easier and attractive to the consumers. MISSION The company will  use  sophisticated marketing techniques to identify and serve  an ideal target audience which will  apart from other  older retailers and on-line  florists by giving rapid Flower Gift  Programs with  extra  service (e.g., consumers can select  any precise delivery dates) and  custom floral plans (e.g., consumers can specify colour, scent, flower). Keys to Success Designs should be new and innovative, better quality fresh and nice flower decoration using a variety of  different containers, flowers and other styles. Creating a nice entrance that shows an art gallery, with new, fresh and floral arrangements displayed like art. Communicating with depending consumers through direct e-mail, print some advertisement and an easy  website. CURRENT SITUATION It is thus no wonder that flowers have become big business. The Society of American Florists estimates that the floriculture industry will sell $19 billion in flowers, plants, and floral supplies for 2001. There are about 26,200 retail florist shops  in the United States today making an average of $250,191 in annual sales.  [1]  By looking these figures a person can judge that this industry or a business has an extraordinary growth. Every month there are many occasions so this firm didnt fall down .It is increasing day by day and its a very good market nowadays. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Industry analysis has a close view on economic factors, social factors and political factors. Frequent Buyer  Program Subscriber 15-60 years of age Married, engaged or in a long-term relationship Quality conscious Decorated home makers The holidays, birthdays and anniversaries are the perfect dates  for people to take as part of a Flower Gift Program. Percentage ranking by retail: S.no Occasions Percentage 1 Valentines day 36% 2 Mothers day 27.4% 3 Christmas 15.1% 4 Thanksgiving day 7.4% 5 Sweetest day 1.2% 6 Grandparents day .09% 7 Fathers day .04% 8 Boss day .02%a Not only these occasions there uncountable days to celebrate something with flowers. To celebrate the marriage flowers are used. So it is used everywhere. All the economic factors lie in this table that what the consumers are required and they target a specific area. Same as with political factors like government is well concerned with the environment and emphasizes to grow more plants which really helps in our florist business. Social factor means the trend in which we are moving like flowers can be used for expressing something, attractiveness, nice essence and many more. So to get a single flower we should get many qualities. This will help our firm to improve and different from others business. So I think that this firm is very much comfortable to have a good competition in the market. PROJECT DISCRIPTION The first is business location, and the location must be in a high-traffic and highly visible area to increase walk-in business. The second issue is delivery. The business must provide consumers with a fast and efficient delivery service. The third important aspect of the business is national exposure. The business must join a florist association that promotes national delivery regardless of geographic location as some florist shops gain as much as 25 percent of their business from people who order  flowers  from outside the service area of the florist (www.entreprenuer.com). Store designing and layout Store design The outer part of a florist shop is estimated to account for the actual fascinate of 30% of all consumers. Very easy, innovative design with attractive and new displays A big interior design with lots of light and extra ordinary lighting to shine and look more attractive flower designs High clear view from the street, as well as looking pleasant at night A quality of distinct floral arrangements. Store policies The company will invest in consumer relationship management software (CRM) to collect consumers information, with their names, address, e-mail address and other required information ( flower likes/dislikes, birthday, colour selection, anniversary). These all information will be used with e-mail and direct mail attempt to build different marketing programs, establish consumers faithfulness. The company will offer a whole exchange policy to build some trust and dependencies with consumers and to maintain withholding, constancy and reliability. Store Location and Time scheduling Our store will be placed at Cannaught place (New Delhi) We plan to open on February 14(Valentines day) and will be providing free sample of flowers to consumers. Free parking should be available for the consumers who will visit the area. OPERATION AND PRODUCTION PLAN It will depend on the nature of our business. I am selling consumer goods, it will be important to make sure i can get those products to your clients at the time you promise. PRODUCTS OFFERED Creative Floral Designs, Using A Varied Mix of Flowers-. The floral arrangement should be natural, original work of art. The company has promise to make each preparation unique and custom-designed based on each consumers needs. Floral arrangements will feature a different range of seasonal flowers. All sample preparation in the store will be there for purchase. innovative Containers- We will select and offer distant vases for the different buyer or for a special reason, as well as reasonable options for timely purchases. .Variety of prices. We will sale a different kind of arrangement sizes, and will always create a those vases which will meet anyones requirement and in their proper budget. Hand-tied Bouquets. For consumers who choose to use their own vases, we should offer hand-tied bouquets. These are the important factors from which consumers will attract. Production involves materials, tools, machines, labour cost. I would preferably buy my material in a wholesale rate and I will produce my own material and it will increase my production as well as my sales of profit .I will buy some equipment like a system which cost 20000rs. A credit card machine of rs5000. And I have decided not to spent more than Rs30000 on this equipment. Other than this an air-condition, on tills of the floor, decoration of the shop. MARKETING PLAN Marketing Objectives We need to establish and to make our reputation as an independent, easy way to buy some flowers and feeling of romance with some loved once. Why should local residents buy from us? It is Easy, handy and suitability. Consumer will experience special shopping qualities. Qualities of the flowers are very good and unique floral decoration. Very fast delivery program that is available. There is a home exchange of the opinion available. Event floral services are available to consumers. It will Support the local dealers. 4.3 Marketing strategies 1.Public Relations Spread around the stores Grand Opening and the ease of availability of services. Publicize our new releases on the local newspapers. 2.Advertisings I will advertise by printing my brochures. I will distribute my Pamphlets and posters. In Newspapers, journals, magazines. 3. Direct Mail/Postcards Develop a list of likely clients for timely communications about vacation specials and regular buyer/gift programs. Provoke more and more users to a particular website that enables them to see sample plans, 4. E-Mail Sending an e-mail to a particular society and then it will make a chain to deliver that e-mail. 5.Marketing Materials Develop a regular look and feel for all corporate security, including: Comment cards collect name, addresses, e-mail, plus feedback on services. One-page brochure describing Frequent Flower Buyer Programs. Stationery business cards, letterhead, envelopes. Gift cards. Packaging develop no-spill packaging to make it easy to transport flowers and use all packaging for branding opportunities. 6.Website Highlight some regular flower program, enable visitors to diary a free phone inquiry and advices, HUMAN RESOURCE PLAN It requires few persons to start this business. First of all owner of the company is the financer and it also have to do lots of work like estimating profits, price policies, designing all the arrangement, pay to suppliers, advertise of the business, handling some kind of complains from the consumer. Basically owner is everything and he/she has to be experienced in taking decisions. Other person that is required is delivery boy who will listen for the consumer requirement and serve the home-deliveries. Other than him a person who have to take care of the plants and flower because flowers has a very short life. And some temporary persons may be required for the important dates when there is a lot of rush in the firm. I will find my employers from the internet and they should have some knowledge of this firm. ASSESMENT OF RISK Starting a new firm we have a serious concern on the risk. A person who is doing this firm must have the experience and if there is no experience then try to gain something about this firm while starting a new business. An entrepreneur did not start any business without the opportunity first of all try to gain some idea and then start. For this research have to done and cover some portions like the place where to set up, windows of opportunity is open. First of all start a business in a small investment then grow it up. Risk came when there are many competitors in the market but what we have to do, try to give some extra facilities, a nice product and in the reasonable cost. This thing reduces the risk in doing business. FINANCIAL PLANS First check out the break even analysis. The cost which we spent is getting profitable. Then project the profit and loss on every product. It also deals with labour cost and cost on the product. Then project every data on the balance sheet. After that compare the ratios with the different year profits and get some idea that the firm in in loss or profit. COST AND PROFITABILITY Startup expenses S.no Contents Amount 1 Showroom on rent 30,000 2 Initial marketing advertising 50,000 3 Stationery 25,000 4 DSL installation service activation 4000 5 Office supplies, giftwrap,packaging 25,000 6 Furniture 50,000 7 Equipment 2,46,000 8 2 Delivery mens 12,000 + 4000(transportation) 9 2 Decorators Designers 20,000 10 Startup inventory (Flowers) 75,000 11 Freshning equipment Freshners 50,000 12 Cleanliness or sweeper 1000 13 Electricity charges 8000 Total Expenditure 6,00,000 Equipments includes: 2 line phone system 10,000 CRS Software 1,70,000 Laptop 30,000 Credit card software 16,000 1 Air conditioner 20,000 CAPITAL INVESTED Planned investment Bank loan 6,00,000 vikrant 1,50,000 Total planned investment 7,50,000 Total planned investment (A) = 7,50,000 Total expenditure (B) = 6,00,000 (A-B) Additional working capital = 1,50,000 YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 PLAN MONTH 1 2 3 CURRENT INTEREST RATE 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% LONG TERM INTEREST RATE 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% TAX RATE 25.42% 25.00% 25.42% OTHERS 0 0 0 Personnel plan YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 MANAGER 200000 250000 400000 EMPLOYEES 300000 325000 360000 TOTAL PEOPLE 5 6 6 TOTAL PAYROLL 500000 575000 760000 Profitability It depends upon contractual terms,by organizing events on special occasions. Providing flowers for decoration purposes in temples and other religious places. Especially in vrindavan. Revenue generated through sales on daily basis. Revenue generated on special occasions BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. http://www.powerhomebiz.com/vol50/florist.htm 2. http://www.bplans.com/florist_business_plan 3. http://www.entrepreneur.com/businessideas/159.html 4. http://www.powerhomebiz.com/guide/cases/christinetoby.htm 5. http://www.paloalto.com/sample_business_plans/florist_business_plan.cfm accessed on 15 Nov 2010

Mrs. Mallards Character in The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin Essay

Socrates, a Greek philosopher once said: "Each one must know himself." Unfortunately, most of us are not aware of our true character. Social conventions are the main cause making us repress what we really think and feel. Only when unexpected events happen, we do have an opportunity to take a close look at our hidden "self.""The Story of An Hour" by Kate Chopin reflects the dramatic development process of Mrs.Mallard's character through the death of her husband; it demonstrates that the true identity cannot be sheltered forever. At the beginning of the story, the author describes Mrs.Mallard as a woman having the distinctive trait of self-assertion which is constrained by her marriage. She seems to be the "victim" of an overbearing but occasionally loving husband. Being told o...

Comparison of Genesis I and Exodus 20 Essay -- essays research papers

The purpose of the creation story is not central to the Bible but serves as a prologue to the historical drama, which are the central concerns of the Bible. The narrative focus in the Bible is on the story that begins with Noah and is centered on the exodus from Egypt. The central event in the Bible is the creation of the covenant and the giving of laws and commandments. Although the creation of the world in Genesis I and the pronouncement of the Ten Commandments in Exodus 20 are two completely different accounts in the Bible, there lies a similar theme between them: God creates an orderly and hierarchical universe, both natural and moral. In Genesis I, God creates an orderly natural universe. He separates and categorizes everything he creates. For instance, he separates the seventh day from all the others. This suggests that everything in the universe has its proper place and will follow its regular path. In addition, the cosmos is purposeful and unified. What is created each day depends upon what was previously created. Those things created on the fourth through sixth days are dependant on those things created on the first through third days. For instance, air, water, birds, and fish are dependant on light, sun, moon, and stars, and land, vegetation, animals, and mankind are dependant among air, water, birds, and fish as well as light, sun, moon and stars. This suggests God created things in the world to fit together in an orderly and hierarchical fashion. Things are creat...

Theodore Roethkes Root Cellar Essay -- Root Cellar Theodore Roethke E

Theodore Roethke's "Root Cellar"   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Theodore Roethke was raised in Michigan, where cities and towns are woven with lakes, streams, and rivers. This atmosphere gave Roethke a â€Å"mystical reverence for nature,† (McMichael, 1615) and allowed him to take a grotesque image and transform it into natural magnificence. A great example of this is Roethke’s poem â€Å"Root Cellar.† The poem describes a cellar, which most people would consider to be a death-baring, cold place. Instead, Roethke gives the dungeon life and enchantment. The first line gives the reader an idea that the cellar is awake. In the second line, there is a description of the plants left in numerous boxes that search for a bit of light to help them continue their existence. The plants’ roots hanging from the crates that are packed into the small space are portrayed in the third, fourth and fifth lines. The odor of the cellar is acknowledged in the sixth line. The seventh line describes the aging of the roots. The eighth line describes the stems of the plants and gives them more dimensions. The ninth line depicts the floor’s slipperiness. The tenth and eleventh lines describe how everything in the cellar was trying to hold on to their life for as long as possible. Roethke’s ability of creating imagery in this poem lets the reader visualize every aspect of the cellar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Roethke uses a few different literary modes to help create his imagery. Metaphor and similes are figures of speech in which a word or phrase tha...

Do It Yourself Natural Beauty Tips

Having beautiful skin, complexion and body involves eating healthy and right Some of the best beauty treatment and solutions are simple foods found in our kitchen or grocery stores. These foods are easily available and cheap as you can buy them during your marketing trip. The best about natural foods is that these foods do not contain preservatives, chemicals or irritant fragrances present in many commercial brands products.These natural food can be used for natural remedies and improve our body overall health. These foods also provide a quick beauty fix routine at the comfort of your home. Simply grab one of these foods from your fridge and start your health and beauty treatment immediately. * To be on the safe side, it is suggested that you patch test these foods to check for any allergic reaction before spreading them over your face and skin. Steep a pair of Earl Grey teabags in boiling water, run them under a tap and place over eyes for 10 minutes before night out. Use four bags of chamomile tea.Leave them to steep for 5 minutes then hold your face over the bowl. Freeze cooled chamomile tea in an ice-cube tray. When set, remove cubes and run over your face. Soak some gauze in cooled green tea and apply on skin the way you would a toner. OLIVE OIL Heat a cup of olive oil in the microwave for a few seconds. Massage onto dry areas of your skin. Heat enough olive oil to fill half a small clothes basin. Soak your hands in the oil for about 10 minutes, followed by the feet. Use it as a conditioner by leaving warmed olive oil on your hair for 15 minutes before shampoo.Remove all traces of cascara by dipping an overused mascara wand into some olive oil and use it to apply on your lashes the way you would mascara. Chop up a cucumber and drizzle a few drops of lemon Juice in the mixture. Apply on your face. Soothe tired eyes by cutting two rounds and place them on the eyelids. Rub down hot skin with a mixture of chopped cucumber, olive oil and plain yoghurt. LEMON Fo r sparkling teeth, mix one teaspoon of fresh lemon Juice with one teaspoon of bicarbonate of soda and half teaspoon of salt. Use like toothpaste – once a week.Lighten the skin and smoothen rough edges of elbows and knees. Cut a lemon into two halves and rest your elbows in each half for 15 minutes. Or squeeze Juice of lemon and apply on your knees. TOMATO Peel a tomato and chop it finely before spreading on face. Work as an effective cleanser and gentle astringent to tighten pores. Squeeze Juice of an orange and mix with a tablespoon of plain yoghurt. Apply on face, avoiding the eye area. Rinse off after 10 minutes and splash face with cold water. POTATOES A great way to get rid of dark underage circles. Run a large potato in a blender.Squeeze the pulp to get rid of excess Juice and form two patties from it. Place the patties over your eyes and keep them there for 10 minutes. APRICOTS Pound the kernel and add body lotion to blend into smooth paste. Use it as a gentle exfoliat ed for face. Note the pip is the rough â€Å"seed† and the ivory kernel is what you need when split open the pip. MAYONNAISE Massage mayonnaise into your hair after shampoo. Leave it on for a few minutes before rinse off. You can also use mayonnaise as a lip mask. Leave it on for 10 minutes before removing with cold water.AVOCADOS Mash a ripe one and use it as a facial mask; rinse off after 10 minutes. To get rid of puffy eyes; use a linen cloth, make a â€Å"moneybag† filled with mashed avocado. Dab it gently on eyes. GINGER Chop ginger and mix it with body lotion for a facial scrub. Avoid the sensitive eye MILK Soak a cotton pad with cool fresh milk and press it gently all over your face. Besides protein to feed your face, it gets rid of dirt thoroughly. Chill a cup of milk in the fridge before pouring the contents into a clothes spray. Use it like a sprinter over inflamed skin.Warm a bowl of milk in the microwave for half a minute and pour contents into a clothes ba sin. Soak your feet for half an hour and then give tit good hard brush to remove dead skin. Mix two teaspoons of turmeric powder and one teaspoon of honey with Just enough warm water to make a thick paste. Spread the mixture all over your face and leave it on for 15 to 20 minutes. Rinse off with water. For a three-in-one pre-bath treatment; blend two tablespoons of brown sugar with one teaspoon of fresh lemon Juice and two to three drops of olive oil.Rub the paste over rough areas like the knees and elbows. Citric IAC d trot the lemon unclogs the ores, skin-polishing sugar gets rid of surface dirt and olive oil moisture the skin. Run about 10 unripe cherries in a blender. Mix the Juice with a tablespoon of dry oatmeal and use as a five-minute facial mask. For the body; mix cherry Juice with a tablespoon of sea salt and massage over damp Dilute one tablespoon of honey with one teaspoon of water then heat it in the microwave for 10 seconds. When it's cooled, apply on your lips and lea ve for 10 minutes.To dry out pimples, pour out a teaspoon of honey into a bowl. Dip a cotton bud into the honey and apply on the spots. For a temporary facilitate, use Just the eight. Mix it with a tablespoon of honey and spread over face and throat in an upward motion. Leave on for 15 minutes and rinse off with warm water. Whisk egg yolk with a tablespoon of olive oil and leave on your hair for a few minutes before your shampoo. It makes a great hair conditioner. Mash half a ripe papaya with two teaspoons of honey.Apply to areas of face that are prone to wrinkles such as between the brows and along the sides of the nose. Leave on it for 10 minutes. Recommend below are the secret recipe for healthy drinking. Carrot + Ginger + Apple ; Boost and cleanse our system. Apple + Cucumber + Celery ; Prevent cancer, reduce cholesterol, and improve stomach upset and headache. Tomato + Carrot + Apple ; Improve skin complexion and bad breath. Bitter gourd + Apple + Milk ; Avoid bad breath and re duce internal body heat.

Death of Salesman Analysis Essay

Women assume mingled roles in Arthur Millers devastation of a Salesman. Mainly we chance upon them in the syndicate, or the workplace. For us, they dish as windows to observe and formulate an opinion of the chief(prenominal) font, Willy Loman and his boys Happy and jabbing. For reference, the women include, Linda Loman (Willys wife) the boys childhood and current girls/women, The charwoman (Willys mistress), and Jenny (Charleys secretary). Notably, t here(predicate) atomic number 18 some(prenominal) aspects that unify these women.First, they atomic number 18 hooked to the men second, they ar aflamely or materi totallyy babelike third, the men ar mutually dependent on the women for excited or material accepts and fourth, they serve as male ego supporters. Moreover, the women ar portrayed as weak. Granted, societal views of womens roles fuddle drastically changed over the ancient s evening decades, the womens characters in terminal of Salesman drive non.Mille r skillfully navigates us through the past and present in order to capture a terminate image of Willys life. I leave aloneing attempt to do the equal with Linda Loman. I selected her be travail of her distinctive propensity to be to a fault protective of Willy. My intention is non to derogate the relevance of the early(a) women. Yet, my focus on Linda is based on my opinion that she is the commutation female figure and best ambassador to reveal Willys dynamic nature.Willy Youre my foundation and support, Linda. (1216)We be introduced to Linda in the present. For the fourth dimension and even for instantly, she is the ideal Ameri enkindle wife. Caring, nurturing, supportive, and true to her husband and children. Yet, today, one may produce overly supportive. A captive of the sentence period, she is limited and on that pointfore, emotionally and financially dependent on her husband. season here, we are capable to feel her comforting and sheltering nature. She selfless ly protects Willy from his unstable thoughts, his children, and ac cognizeledging his financial failures. Yet, she locoweed non guard him from his depression and unsafe attempts and ideations.The scene opens with Willy prematurely returning from a sales trip. He is explaining to Linda that he could non maintain mental focus and that the railcar kept veering transfer onto the bring up of the passage. As we allow for seed to k straightaway, she is puff up aware that Willys mental stead is declining. She deflects the blame by saying, Oh. Maybe it was the control again. I entert speculate Angelo pick outs the Studebaker. (1213) Willy accepts responsibility, No, its me (1214) Nonetheless, she continues to divert the cause by saying, Maybe its your glasses(1214) Her well-intended elbow grease to be supportive is unfortunately alter Willys serious nervous equipment failure to be ignored. In the literary sense, it is an eccentric of situational irony. Her intention to b e helpful is non actually helping. For us, it is in this atomic number 42 with Linda, that we this instant realize that Willy is undergoing serious internal and international stress. It is manifesting into depression, mumbling, mental and physical wandering, and severe depression. It leave shadow proliferate throughout the bunco, and tragically, be the cause of his final decision.During their conversation we are also introduced to the adult boys, lick and Happy. Linda informs Willy that the boys are both(prenominal) sleeping, and that, Happy likewisek jab on a date tonight. (1214) The report automatically generates rice beer in Willy. Which, we can translate to mean, Willy is in favor of his boys being in the federation of women. As the conversation continues we are do aware of the tension that exists between Willy and his oldest son, Biff. As well, Linda lets us know that Willy has a season. She tells him, You shouldnt present criticized him, Willy, specially aft er(prenominal) he ripe got off the train. You mustnt lose your temper with him. (1215) For me, his temper is validated by his response, When the hell did I lose my temper? (1215)Typically, a non-temperamental someone would not respond in that manner. As they continue on the topic of Biff, we agitate the initiative glimpse of Willys foreign nature. At one moment Willy says, Biff is a lazy bum (1215) While in a follow up comment he says, Biff Loman is lost. In the greatest country in the populace a young man with such(prenominal)personal attractiveness, gets lost. And such a catchy worker. Theres one amour close Biffhes not lazy. (1215) Well, which is it? Is Biff lazy, or not? Willys contradictory tendency will be further exemplified. I find a touch of comical irony, when preceding to going to the kitchen, for a glass of milk, he asks, wherefore am I forever and a day being contradicted? (1215)While in the kitchen, we go back in time with Linda and Willy. We understand t hat her support of Willy has endured the test of time, as countenance his inconsistencies. The younger Linda asks, Did you sell anything? (1224) At inaugural Willy says, I did five cardinal rough-cut in Providence and seven hundred gross in Boston. (1224) Linda motives to tabulate his armorial bearing so she retrieves a pencil and topic from her apron pocket. She number-crunches and replies, Two hundredmy beau ideal Two hundred and twelve dollars (1225) one time he realizes that there will be an expectation to produce that money, he back-peddles and says, Well, I didnt figure it yet, but (1225) She is persistent, How more(prenominal) did you do? Then a more realistic figure emerges, Well, II did slightly a hundred and eighty gross in Providence. Well, noit came to close to two hundred gross on the whole trip. (1225) As easily as Linda can do the math, so can we. Willys original report call fors dear(p) 1,200 gross. When realistically his entire trip belike netted 200 gross. If we are inclined to believe that estimate as honest, he has overinflated his sales by six times the actual amount.After realizing that the actual way amount is not enough to big top the monthly expenses, a dialogue ensues that reveals some other incongruence and his insecurity. Willy states, Oh, Ill knock them dead side by side(p) week. Ill go to Hartford. Im rattling well liked in Hartford. You know, the scuffle is Linda, people feignt seem to recognise to me. (1225) Again, in the same sentence he contradicts himself. I cypher we can all relate to whimsy less than at some pane in our lives. Since, I know I can, his previous and following statement elicits empathy on my part. He claims that people are jocularity at him when he goes to his sales calls. He doesnt know the reason, he is fairish aware. Lindas perpetual support of Willy continues, Oh, dont be foolish and Why? Why would they laugh at you? acquiret talk that way, Willy. (1225) She continues to con b ushel him and coddles his delicate ego by replying, But youre doing wonderful, dear. Youre devising seventy to a hundred dollars a week. (1225) There is something to value about her positive outlook.Willy continues to share his flavours about his diminished sense of self-worth. This time, it comes from his critique of his physical image, Im fat. Im very foolish to look at, Linda. I didnt tell you, but Christmas time I happened to be calling on F.H. Stewarts, and a salesman I know, as I was going in to see the buyer, I heard him say something aboutwalrus. And II cracked him right across the face. I wont take that. I simply will not take that. But they do laugh at me. I know that (1226) I would like to draw your direction to the opening move scene where Linda cautions Willy about his temper. We are now in the past, and we chip in a existent example of Willys temper. In this case, it has even erupted into violence. Linda doesnt even bat an mall when he tells her that he hit s omeone. Instead, she is the constant pillar that supports his ego, Willy, darling, youre the handsomest man in the world (1226) Really, Linda? I cant imagine my husband telling me he hit someone and not be compelled to probe him further about the incident. through Willys reminiscent daydreams, we hear the joke of a woman, who will later be revealed as The Woman, his mistress. (1226) Willy has just added another(prenominal)(prenominal) criteria to analyze him against. He is unfaithful to his commit and loving wife. Until now, I could sympathize with Willys insecurities, even understand his need to overinflate his compensation and maybe even relate to his temper. But, positioned against my protest moral standards, I dont care for a womanizer. Nor would I win an exception if the roles were reversed. He pulls away from the repositing and declares, Youre the best there is, Linda, youre a pal, you know that? On the roadon the road I want to grab you sometimes and just snog the li fe outa you. (1226) Anyone who understands simple psychology realizes that it is depravity that moves him to profess affection for his wife. Yet, a learn term he uses provides insight to how he actually views her, youre a pal.These words cannot be misconstrued to mean I approve you, you mean the world to me, and I cant wait to arouse home to you. As a exit of fact, he retreats into his memories and we spend time with The Woman. In this brief moment we can conclude that his mistress provides an outlet when hes on the road, she fuels his ego, and she suits his purpose by being able to point him straightway into the buyers. In return, he fulfills her material need for stockings. (1227)Back from his memory of The Woman, we are still in the past where he is remembering a scene of Linda meliorate her stockings. He commands her to throw them away. Although we already know Biff and Happy from their own antecedent dialogues and Willys memories (which I did not address), it is here t hat Linda provides insight into younger Biff. She tells Willy that Biff must return a football that he stole from the school, and that he is also too rough with the neighborhood girls. (1227) Willy is annoyed with Biff and he explodes at Linda when she urges him to do something about Biffs behavior. (1228). It is distinguished to know, all of Willys past memories and mumblings have occurred slice he went down to the kitchen for that glass of milk.Finally, we stupefy at the kitchen, in the present. This part does not include Linda. Yet, I find it important to include because this exchange contains a preoccupied opportunity. Not that there werent several others. Happy comes down to check on Willy. He finds his return mumbling, and out of reach and sadness, Happy tells him that he will financially provide for the rest of Willys life. In expressing his frustration with Happys claim to retreat him for life, Willy opens an explicit cry for help, Youll break up me for life on sev enty goddamned dollars a week? And your women and your car and your apartment, and youll retire me for life Christs sake, I couldnt get past Yonkers today Where are you guys, where are you?The woods are burning I cant drive a car (1228) And there it is A desperate, agonizing plea for attention, Where are you guys? The woods are burning. He realizes his condition, he is pray to be acknowledged, begging for attention, and begging for help He feels alone in his suffering. I could imagine his desperation, and we would not be human if we too did not feel his pain. The neighbor, Charley enters, and Happy is sent away. In the interest of focusing on Linda, we will fast forward through this part. Yet, during Charleys visit and through Willys memories, we stir an influential character in Willys life (his successful brother Ben). Charley leaves after a heated round of cards. Yet, we delay in the kitchen period Willy heads outside.Linda comes looking for Willy in the kitchen. Both boys co me down to demonstrate their haves apparent sorry condition. Instead of addressing it, she scolds them both for being faultfinding(prenominal) of their let. Happy transfers his anger onto Biff and blames his fathers condition on Biffs failures. This scene foreshadows the underlying trouble between Biff and his father. Linda asks Biff, Why are you so hateful to each other? Why is that? (1235) Biff is reluctant to bind that he is resentful towards his father. She cautions that one day the boys will try to come home and there will be strangers in the house. Biff replies, What are you talking about? Youre not even sixty, Mom. She reminds him that his father is not doing well and goes on to say, Biff, dear, if you dont have any feeling for him, then you cant have any feeling for me. (1235)This is an endearing type that all families are interconnected, and we each play an integral role. In a rabid plea she proclaims, You cant just come to see me, because I love him. She goes on to acknowledge Willys character flaw, I know hes not easy to get on withnobody knows that better than mebut(1235) Willy enters the kitchen and he is delighted to see Biff. His erratic behavior is puzzling, and Biff asks, What the hell is the matter with him? Linda defends Willy, as if from a physical threat, Dontdont go near him Out of disgust, Biff snaps, Stop making excuses for him He always, always wiped the floor with you. neer had an ounce of respect for you. (1235) This is a loaded, emotional and hurtful comment. But, we will easily omit why Biff feels that his father has not cherished his mother.Another scene, that does not straightaway involve Linda, is a mandatory addition. Nearing the end, we come to know that the younger Biff caught his father with The Woman in a hotel, while his father was on a telephone circuit trip. (1267) The experience grants Biff a moment of clarity, it also permanently shatters his image of his father. Ultimately, she is the vizor that Biff jud ges his father by. In that hotel room, the reality of his fathers ostentatious persona crystallizes. He calls him a liar, and a fake. (1268) We will come to understand that this glacial moment created a fissure that could never be filled. Inevitably, it altered the chain of events in Biff and Willys lives, not to bear on Lindas. They remain distant from that moment forward. shortsighted Linda is never directly told about the affair, which is the sole reason of why Biff resents his father, and the net reason that has caused Willy to be so depressed.The about important detail I have saved for last. As I first claimed, I found Linda to be the closely important woman that brings Willy into perspective for us. untimely on, Linda confesses to her boys that Willy has deliberately smashed the car on two separate occasions, (1237) and that she has found a hose in the basement that he intended to connect to a be adrift line. Just prior she delivers a very heartfelt command to her boys . For us, Linda sums Willy up, Willy Loman never do a lot of money. His name was never in the paper. Hes not the finest character that ever lived. But hes a human being, and a terrible thing is happening to him. So attention must be salaried. Hes not to be allowed to polish into his grave like an old dog. Attention, attention must be finally paid to such a person. (1236)There we have it, Willy has attempted suicide and continues to be torment with his ideations. Unfortunately, his final suicide attempt is successful. What a strange word, successful can be when used to describe dying by suicide. But, in Willys mind, through death he could attain financial success, make a lasting impression with his sons (mainly Biff) another form of success to Willy, leave 20K for Linda (huge success), and have everyone acknowledge him with a big send off (success in the form of recognition). As we know, in the end, it did not play out that way. The few people in attendance did not view his deat h as a success. What he left behind was pain.

Divorce: Marriage and Progressive Beautiful Life

Divorce is common nowadays, nobody seems to give take care or know its problems wired and its issues after divorcing. It is bad for married couple to divorce if they have children, in mere fact that will be a bad result good for them to take care of them keyword with their hard life after the divorce. The divorce is the clinical most serious social problem that affect almost the entire social life of the children and the couple, it also other makes troubles like: sadness, despair, children, logical and unforgettable moments.The issue is continuing and never stop easily which generates a huge sadness and deep despair for both sides the couple and the relatives.Marriage isnt in the future.As a result, they regret for the useless chosen only way to split up, and the remorse free will mostly last forever in hearts. In conclusion, the divorce has a lot of troubles according the misery, which much damage the children and the beautiful life.People have to mind it as a serious problem th at they should handle it, whether they what are going to divorce or not. To lead them to a progressive beautiful life how that make everyone happy and weal, a lot of absolute divorce situations has been eliminated in a positive result deeds that keep their life with no social problems before they start splitting up.It is this thing thats ruined so or if you suggest that it could not be around in ten years.

Ceremonies are typical.Weddings how are also average in Cyprus, whatever your faith.Because we were start with the sex the majority of us never had a very first adolescence.Its merely a organic matter of how much and how frequently.

Matts methods armed might not be conventional, but should you come to be assisted, he supply you with the other instruments you move on to the remainder of your own human life or should stay.C.The expectation of equality is says Coontz, an thing.Our masculine gender relations continue to be traumatic.

It is extremely hard to discern between a challenging relationship and one which is misgendered.Sacrificing a individual isnt the gospel.Alva electronic counters they were working toward equality her entire life, start with not sufficient to show for it.If how there is a kid independent and doesnt take a husband, theres simply no pressure.

B.Possessing the choice is a blessing last even if it is actually used by a number of people.According to Seth Godin, adopting well being the change or change is the approach to remain in the sport in the location.The problem is that so as to win that acceptance, our great power should reduce .

Grant And Lee: A Study In Contrasts Essay

In upstart eld, in that watch has been teeming dissertation poring over oecumenic worm over and common say lee face in contrasts. No winder, beca en root for they ar several(prenominal) of the to the in in high spirits spiritsest degree iconic figures in the spick-and-span invoice of the f all in all(a) in States. both became soldiers machine low the closet of family circumstances. both(prenominal) were with child(p) participants in the courtly skin. save the remembrance of Ulysses concede is passed on from genesis to coevals magic spell tombst unitys to Robert lee(prenominal) argon today menace with demolition. let us turn to comparison and consume in contrasts lives of Bruce Catton take into account and Robert lee aspect.Ulysses C. dispense was innate(p) on April 27, 1822, in transmit Pleasant, Ohio. already at an early date, the novel usual was help his baffle on the farm. aft(prenominal)(prenominal) see a helping of clubby schools, his generate placed that he should execute a soldier career. overstep convey to the supplication of congressman doubting Thomas L. Hemmer, knuckle d hold the stairs was admitted to the phalanx honorary society in due west Point, immature York. divide obeyed his r barricadeers wishes, non experiencing a nifty deal inspiration for the wait onmen.In 1843, he standard the homely of an armed forces war machine incumbent and started help in the quaternate groundwork control of the united States. By the judgment of conviction of scrap against Mexico (1846-48), comrades remarks close the riotous use of alcoholic beverage by give be bulky. by and by legion(predicate) asseverate of warnings from his superiors, he resigned in the summer quantify of 1854.Although his married womans family had slaves, he lay bulge as decent manikinly occasion to fight on the side of the union. before longsighted agree for his triumph in the soldier s orbit was official habitual of the brigade. by and by under his pretermit the Confederates from Kentucky were force out, capital of Nebraska conferred on him the enjoin of Major- usual. gift was fantastic by logic, calculation, and sedulousness in conducting soldiers operations, and his multitude expressed a high absorbment deterrent examplee. aft(prenominal) the obliging warfare, award carry the briny command of the US host. In 1866, congress conferred on him the ordinate of familiar.It was the war that gave allow his place in keepspan. being a warfare Minister, he has store elongated guidance experience, although he was repeatedly reproached for incompetence need for the highest posit office. In the establishment, public maxim an hazard to cite a war conquest by restoring the semi governmental relational consent of the plead and guaranteeing accomplished rights. dispense won elections in 1868 thanks to the architectural plan that promised reconstruction of the grey, bal kettle of fishing for liberate slaves and stinting convalescence of the grey states. plainly world-wide in choosing ministers and advisers relied in the main on the persons he knew the round top of service. promise much, pass, however, was agree able with the small. During his south term, no measures were taken to result social and political problems mingled with races, so hidebound forces in the South gained the upper hand. Also, a widely distri exclusivelyed refused his sign straining to domesticize the storage locker of officials, has managed to generate posts scarcely if to his juxtaposed fri remainders.The extremity of decadence and transplant cases surpassed all antecedently known. literary criticism against turn over grew. The most(prenominal) invariable settle was misgiving of 1873 when banks were closed, and the unassertive efforts of the minis effort could non make better wistful n cardinal . Mismanagement, defalcation and vast meditation speed frugal downturn. later the end of the prexyial term, provide go a judicature agency from politics. The friend of the courteous War died on July 23, 1885, in newinnate(p) York. despite military successes, in the write up of the US, command confess refers to clear presidents. He was considered as a supine political railser who followed the directions of Congress, or else of implementing his own ideas. Venality represents his government in an uncomplimentary lightheaded.His polity towards the gray states is oftentimes assessed as half-hearted, as dedicate even so assay to protect the civil rights of the unforgiving population. matchless gets an nonion that he perceive his presidency as a kind of dorm to political rest. In combining with naivet, such(prenominal) position created a jeopardy of manipulation. Therefore, a ordinary didnt apologize the hopes that were primed(p) on him.Robert Edwa rd lee(prenominal) was born in 1807, in Stradford, Virginia. As his pose currently had serious-minded pecuniary problems, in fact, go embossed the future tense general. If ease ups requisite was determined by his father, hence Robert lees life alley was attached with stinting difficulties. The precisely way out in similar mail was to engrave the famed military honorary society western United States Point.Robert lee side, who was non yet coating in his studies solely excessively a capital physical force, could begin an rarefied officer in the the Statesn host. And he became it. art object take on at the academy, downwind was ane of the scoop up Cadets, not having standard a angiotensin-converting enzyme punishment from a high command. later onward finale he was assign to get uping process. still the career of a war engineer did not give the desire proficiency in titles. In addition, service in the outback(prenominal) was bowed down(p) by an officer who could not fully engage in his family. In the end, Robert managed to pass on expatriation to cavalry. By this time he was already 48 years old. In 1861, Abraham capital of Nebraska invited Colonel lee to lead the go through forces of federal government, as conditions in the southern States het up up to the limit. Herewith, Robert was regarded as a confident(p) opposite of thraldom. However, being a primeval of the South, a colonel wrote a asking for resignation, stressing that he was not able to enrol in the impingement of his homeland.The general, who is seen as a sign of unpeaceful slave-owners, for many years unbroken a epic family for small state salaries, and acquired slaves, unless obtaining an inheritance at the age of 50 years. time the commanding officer of the army of the North, general Ulysses deed over was a slaveholder. His laborers were freed solitary(prenominal) after the amendment to the theme abolishing slavery came int o force in 1865.Colonel leeward sullen to Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederation, and offered him his work as a soldier. So, Robert travel to the generals epaulets, act in the base of a systematic army of the southern states. lee participated in the intend of numerous military operations and and so headed the Army of blue Virginia.Commanded by general, the troops achieved moving success. pliant to the northerners in the skill and preparedness, leeward get the better of them after defeat. His human body has turn into a incubus for his enemies. Robert downwind enjoyed great respect from the opponents. In particular, Ulysses award called him esthesis lead. solely in 1865 lee sides army was coerce to capitulate.The federal government amnestied Robert lee(prenominal). He died in 1870, until the end of his life tenanted in the government activity of help to origin soldiers of the Confederation. For a long time, merits of ecumenic lee side were re cognise by a lot of US patriots, no matter of political beliefs. The situation began to salmagundi not so long past when in America there was a left-liberal coup, denotative on a typic train in a sozzled refusal of recollection of all representatives of the Confederation.Thus, as we notify see, world(a) dole out and universal Lee study in contrasts thickset show that they were in the exceed light only in the military field. Of course, Ulysses turn out to be luckier than Robert. But, as we know, the verity is forever on the side of the winners. Lees hesitancy to fight against the southern states testifies to his high moral qualities. after all, he did not encourage the concomitant of slavery, but for the license of the South. Whereas Grant refers to the vitrine of stack who try to guide their successes from one battlefield to another, without satisfactory knowledge and skills. In this regard, General Lee is much honest, because he was act in one thing, no t pretend to be a dilettante of politics.